Ma keʻano laulā, aia ʻelua mau ala e mālama ai:
1. ʻO nā ʻano hana kino e pili ana i: ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana haʻahaʻa, ka mālama ʻana i ka lewa i kāohi ʻia, ka mālama ʻana i ka decompression, ka mālama ʻana i ka radiation electromagnetic, a pēlā aku. I waena o lākou, ʻo nā ʻenehana mālama hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālama hou ʻana i ka mahana haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻahaʻa, ka mālama hou ʻana i ka lewa i hoʻololi ʻia me ka wai intercellular, ka mālama hou ʻana i ka ea me ka ozone, a pēlā aku. ʻOiai ua hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau ʻenehana mālama hou, pono lākou i nā lako kūikawā, nā hana paʻakikī, nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, a me ka nui. Aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka hoʻohana ʻana.
2. ʻO nā hana kemika ka mea nui e hoʻokomo i nā mea mālama hou. ʻO nā mea mālama maʻamau e komo pū me: nā ʻōpala pena, nā mea mālama ethylene (absorbents), nā mea mālama antiseptic bactericidal, a pēlā aku. Inā hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama hou ʻana o ka hale, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā mea mālama kemika liʻiliʻi. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hoʻohana ʻia nā hana kino, e like me ka mālama haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (refrigerator), cellar, sealing exhaust a i ʻole ke kau ʻana i loko o ka wai (haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻahaʻa), a pinepine e pono ai ke kōkua o ka mālama anu ʻana i ka hou.
Ma ke ʻano o ka mahele ʻana, aia he ʻumi mau ʻano kikoʻī (i ka hapanui o nā hihia, pono ke komo ʻana o ka mālama anu hou):
1. Mālama ʻana i ka ʻiliʻili hou:
He kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻopili plastik hygroscopic a mālama hou kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e Iapana. Hana ʻia ia me ʻelua mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni nylon translucent me ka permeability wai ikaika, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka paʻi kūlohelohe a me ke kaomi osmotic kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Hiki i ka syrup kō granulated kiʻekiʻe ke omo mālie i ka wai e kahe ana mai ka ʻili o nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai a me ka ʻiʻo, i mea e mālama ai i ka hou.
2. Mālama ʻana i ka microwave
He ʻano mālama hou kēia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu a me nā iʻa i ka mahana haʻahaʻa e kahi hui ma Netherlands. Hoʻohana ia i nā microwave e hoʻomehana iā ia a hiki i 72°C i loko o kahi manawa pōkole (120s), a laila e kau i ka meaʻai i hana ʻia ma ka mākeke ma 0-4°C, a hiki ke mālama ʻia no 42-45 mau lā me ka ʻole o ka pala. He kūpono ia no ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā "mea kanu a me nā huaʻai kau" i ka wā ʻole, a makemake nui ʻia e ka poʻe.
3. Nā mea mālama huaʻai a me nā mea kanu hiki ke ʻai ʻia:
He mea mālama huaʻai a me nā mea kanu kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e kahi hui meaʻai Pelekane. He "emulsion translucent" i hana ʻia me ka sucrose, starch, fatty acid a me ka polyester. Hiki ke pīpī ʻia, palaki ʻia, a hoʻoluʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai meli, ka tōmato, ka pepa bele, ka ʻuala, ka kukama, ka ʻāpala, a pēlā aku. Hiki i ka manawa hou o ka maiʻa a me nā ʻili ʻē aʻe ke lōʻihi a hiki i 200 mau lā a ʻoi aku paha. ʻO kēia no ka mea, hana kēia mea mālama i kahi "kiʻi sila" ma luna o ka ʻili o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, kahi e pale loa ai i ka oxygen mai ke komo ʻana i loko o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, a laila e hoʻokō ai i ke kumu o ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke kaʻina pala o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu a hoʻonui i ka hopena mālama.
4. Pahu mālama hou
He ʻano pahu pepa hou kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka Japan Food Distribution System Association. Ua hoʻohana nā kānaka noiʻi i ka "Ristobalite" (kahi ʻano silicate) ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i ka pulp. No ka mea, he hopena adsorption maikaʻi kēia ʻano pauka pōhaku ma nā kinoea like ʻole, a ʻaʻole e emi ke kaumaha o nā mea kanu hou a me nā huaʻai, no laila makemake nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana, a he mea kūikawā ia no ka mālama ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana i kahi mamao loa.
5. Ke ʻano mālama ʻana i ka hui hydrocarbon:
He "mea mālama kūlohelohe" kēia i hoʻomohala ʻia e kahi Hui Biotechnology Pelekane ʻo Sempei hiki ke pāpālua i ke ola mālama o nā tōmato, pepa, pea, hua waina a me nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ia i kahi hui paʻakikī o nā hydrocarbons. Ke hoʻohana ʻia, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai e hana i kahi kūlana hopena, a laila hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai e mālama hou ʻia i loko o ka hopena, i uhi like ʻia ka ʻili o nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai me kahi papa o ka mea wai. E hōʻemi nui kēia i ka nui o ka oxygen i omo ʻia, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka hapa nui o ke kalapona dioxide i hana ʻia e nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. No laila, ʻo ka hopena o ka mea mālama a me ka mahana haʻahaʻa o ka mālama anu hou e like me nā "anesthetics" i hoʻopili ʻia i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i kahi kūlana hiamoe.
6. Nā ʻeke mālama hou seramika:
He ʻeke mālama hou kēia no nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai me ka hopena infrared mamao i hoʻomohala ʻia e kahi hui Kepanī. Ua uhi nui ʻia me kahi papa lahilahi loa o ka mea seramika ma loko o ka ʻeke, a ʻo nā kukuna infrared i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka seramika hiki ke hoʻopuka i ka makū i loko o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. Hoʻolaha ka neʻe "resonance" ikaika i ka mālama ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.
7. Ke ʻAno Mālama ʻenehana Uila:
Hoʻokō ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā iona oxygen maikaʻi ʻole a me ka ozone i hana ʻia e ke kahua electrostatic maikaʻi ʻole voltage kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā iona oxygen maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻopau i nā enzyme metabolic o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ka ikaika o ka hanu ʻana o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu a hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hana ʻana o ka ethylene ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomānoanoa hua. He oxidant ikaika ka Ozone a he disinfectant maikaʻi a me ka bactericide, ʻaʻole hiki ke pepehi wale a hoʻopau i nā microorganism a me nā toxins i hūnā ʻia ma nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, akā e kāohi a hoʻopaneʻe i ka hydrolysis o nā mea organik i loko o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, no laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa mālama o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.
8. Ke ʻano mālama decompression:
He ʻano hana hou kēia no ka mālama ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, nona ka hopena mālama hou maikaʻi, a he mau pono o ka hoʻokele maʻalahi, ka hana maʻalahi, a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻomohala kekahi mau ʻāina e like me United Kingdom, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kelemānia, a me Palani i nā pahu haʻahaʻa me nā kikoʻī maʻamau. , ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lawe ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i kahi mamao loa.
9. Mālama ʻana i ke kaomi:
Ua hoʻomohala pono ʻia e ka Food Science Institute o ke Kulanui ʻo Kyoto ma Iapana. Hoʻohana ia i ke kaomi e hana i ka meaʻai. Hiki ke mālama hou ʻia nā mea kanu no ka manawa lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ka hou ma hope o ka sterilization. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka waikawa ke hana ma lalo o ke kaomi, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i ke kūlana maikaʻi loa, kūpono ia e mālama i nā pickles a me nā huaʻai.
10. Ke ʻano mālama ʻana i nā microbial:
ʻO ka hopena o ka Ethylene ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻelemakule a me ka pala ʻana o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, no laila i mea e mālama ai i ka hou o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, pono e wehe ʻia ka ethylene. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana a me ka noiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻepekema i kahi "ʻano NH-9" hiki ke hana i nā mea "ethylene remover NH-T" e wehe i ka ethylene, hiki ke pale i ka browning, ka wehe ʻana, a me ka nalowale ʻana o ka palaoa i ka wā e mālama ai i ka hua waina. Hiki i nā tōmato a me nā pepa ke pale i ka nalowale o ka wai, ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kala a me ka palupalu, a he mau hopena mālama hou maopopo.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-26-2022